Analisis Keperluan Pembangunan Modul Pengajaran Interaktif Untuk Topik Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) Bagi Kursus Database Fundamentals, Diploma Teknologi Maklumat, Jabatan Teknologi Maklumat & Komunikasi, Politeknik Muadzam Shah

Analysis of the Needs for the Development of Interactive Teaching Modules for the Topic of Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) for the Database Fundamentals Course, Diploma in Information Technology, Department of Information & Communication Technology, Muadzam Shah Polytechnic

Abstract

Analisis keperluan merupakan langkah penting dalam proses reka bentuk dan pembangunan modul pengajaran, memastikan bahan yang dihasilkan benar-benar memenuhi keperluan sebenar pelajar. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti keperluan pembangunan modul pengajaran interaktif bagi topik Entity-Relationship Diagram  (ERD) dalam kursus DFC20283 Database Fundamentals yang ditawarkan kepada pelajar Diploma Teknologi Maklumat (DIT) di Jabatan Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (JTMK), Politeknik Muadzam Shah (PMS). Topik ERD dipilih kerana ia sering menjadi cabaran utama pelajar dalam memahami konsep entiti, atribut dan perhubungan secara terperinci. Pendekatan kuantitatif telah digunakan dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik melalui Google Forms kepada 36 orang pelajar Semester 2 yang telah mengambil kursus ini. Data yang diperolehi dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan skor min bagi item skala Likert dan peratusan kekerapan bagi soalan aneka pilihan. Hasil kajian mendapati majoriti pelajar telah mempelajari ERD (skor min = 4.61). Walau bagaimanapun, ramai yang masih menghadapi kesukaran untuk memahami entiti, atribut dan kardinaliti (skor min = 3.53), dan kurang keyakinan dalam membina model ERD mereka sendiri (skor min = 3.64). Subtopik kardinaliti dikenal pasti sebagai bahagian yang paling mencabar (61.1%). Menariknya, kebanyakan pelajar menyatakan bahawa topik ini lebih sesuai diajar menggunakan kit pembelajaran interaktif atau aktiviti amali (skor min = 4.44). Justeru, dapatan ini memberikan justifikasi yang jelas untuk keperluan membangunkan modul pengajaran interaktif yang lebih praktikal, mesra pengguna dan relevan untuk membantu meningkatkan penguasaan pelajar terhadap topik ERD.

Needs analysis is an important step in the design and development process of teaching modules, ensuring that the materials produced truly meet the actual needs of students. Accordingly, this study was conducted to identify the needs for developing an interactive teaching module for the Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) topic in the DFC20283 Database Fundamentals course offered to Diploma in Information Technology (DIT) students at the Department of Information Technology and Communication (JTMK), Polytechnic Muadzam Shah (PMS). The ERD topic was chosen because it is often the main challenge for students in understanding the concepts of entities, attributes and relationships in detail. A quantitative approach was used by distributing questionnaires via Google Forms to 36 Semester 2 students who had taken this course. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively using the mean score for Likert scale items and frequency percentage for multiple-choice questions. The study's results found that the majority of students had studied ERD (mean score = 4.61). However, many still struggled to understand entities, attributes, and cardinalities (mean score = 3.53), and lacked confidence in building their own ERD models (mean score = 3.64). The cardinality subtopic was identified as the most challenging part (61.1%). Interestingly, most students stated that this topic is more suitable for teaching using interactive learning kits or practical activities (mean score = 4.44). Thus, these findings provide clear justification for the need to develop interactive teaching modules that are more practical, user-friendly and relevant to help improve students' mastery of ERD topics.